25/12/03
ADG409BRZ Analog Switch | Technical Guide
ADG409BRZ OverviewThe ADG409BRZ is a high-performance CMOS analog multiplexer from Analog Devices. It belongs to the ADG408/ADG409 product family. The device offers four differential channels. A 2-bit binary address (A0, A1) selects any one channel and routes it to the common differential port. It also includes an EN enable pin. When disabled, all channels are turned off to block signal transmission and improve system safety.The ADG409BRZ uses an enhanced LC²MOS process. It achieves low power consumption, fast switching, and low on-resistance. Its channels support bidirectional signal flow and full power-supply signal swing. This ensures strong isolation in both on and off states. Break-Before-Make switching avoids short-term shorts during transitions. It maintains system stability and reduces switching noise. Low charge injection minimizes transient distortion, making the device suitable for precision analog applications.As an upgraded replacement for the DG409, the ADG409BRZ provides improved performance and reliability. It is well suited for data acquisition systems, signal switching matrices, measurement and control equipment, and other applications requiring accurate multi-channel signal routing. For low-power, high-isolation, and high-linearity designs, the ADG409BRZ is a trusted analog front-end switch solution. ADG409BRZ SpecificationsParameterValuePart NumberADG409BRZDescriptionIC MULTIPLEXER DUAL 4X1 16SOICLead Free Status / RoHS StatusLead free / RoHS CompliantPackagingTubeSupplier Device Package16-SOIC (0.154, 3.90mm Width)Manufacturer Standard Lead Time19 WeeksCharge Injection20pCDetailed Description2 Circuit IC Switch 4:1 100 Ohm 16-SOICCrosstalk-85dB @ 100kHzOperating Temperature-40°C ~ 85°C (TA)Channel-to-Channel Matching (ΔRon)15 Ohm (Max)Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Circuit4:1Current - Leakage (IS(off)) (Max)500pAVoltage - Supply, Dual (V±)±15VVoltage - Supply, Single (V+)12VMoisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)1 (Unlimited)Channel Capacitance (CS(off), CD(off))11pF, 20pFNumber of Circuits2On-State Resistance (Max)100 Ohm(Contact us for a quote) ADG409BRZ Pin ConfigurationsA0: Logic Control Input.EN: Active High Digital Input. When low, the device is disabled and all switches are off. When high, Ax logic inputs determine on switches.VSS: Most Negative Power Supply Potential in Dual Supplies. In single-supply applications, it can be connected to ground.S1A: Source Terminal 1A. Can be an input or an output.S2A: Source Terminal 2A. Can be an input or an output.S3A: Source Terminal 3A. Can be an input or an output.S4A: Source Terminal 4A. Can be an input or an output.DA: Drain Terminal A. Can be an input or an output.DB: Drain Terminal B. Can be an input or an output.S4B: Source Terminal 4B. Can be an input or an output.S3B: Source Terminal 3B. Can be an input or an output.S2B: Source Terminal 2B. Can be an input or an output.S1B: Source Terminal 1B. Can be an input or an output.VDD: Most Positive Power Supply Potential.GND: Ground (0 V) Reference.A1: Logic Control Input. (Contact us for a quote) ADG409BRZ Highlights44 V supply maximum ratingsVSS to VDD analog signal rangeLow on resistance (100 Ω maximum)Low power (ISUPPLY < 75 μA)Fast switchingBreak-before-make switching actionPlug-in replacement for DG409 Low Power Dissipation.Extended Signal Range. Low Ron.Single-Supply Operation. (Contact us for a quote) ADG409BRZ Functional Block DiagramThis diagram shows the internal logic of the ADG409. It is a dual 4-to-1 analog multiplexer. The structure has two parallel signal paths: Channel A (S1A to S4A to DA) and Channel B (S1B to S4B to DB).At the bottom, the “1-of-4 decoder” is the control core. It receives three digital inputs: A0, A1, and EN.EN (Enable): This is the main switch. The device works only when EN is active. If EN is inactive, all switches turn off.A0 and A1: These two address bits select one of the four channels by a binary code (00, 01, 10, 11). The dashed lines show that Channel A and Channel B always switch together. The switch symbols show that the ADG409 uses analog switch elements. They allow current to flow in both directions. This design gives low on-resistance and high off-isolation. With the common pins DA and DB, the device can route up to four differential input pairs to the next stage, such as a differential ADC or an instrumentation amplifier. It helps simplify multi-channel data acquisition systems.(Contact us for a quote) ADG409BRZ Applications1. Audio and Video RoutingADG409BRZ supports full-swing differential signal transmission. It offers low noise and low distortion when switching. It is ideal for audio switching matrices, home theater systems, and multimedia switchers. In video systems, it can be used for multi-camera signal routing and surveillance front-end switching. It helps improve image quality and signal reliability. 2. Automatic Test Equipment (ATE)Production test systems often need to scan multiple channels. ADG409BRZ can be easily controlled by an MCU or FPGA. It allows fast switching between test channels. Its high isolation prevents inactive channels from affecting the measurement results. It improves test accuracy and efficiency. 3. Data Acquisition SystemsFor multi-sensor inputs, ADG409BRZ can work as a front-end signal selector. It routes multiple differential sensor signals to a single ADC. This helps reduce system cost. Its low charge injection ensures stable sampling without switching artifacts. 4. Battery-Powered SystemsThanks to its enhanced LC²MOS process, ADG409BRZ achieves very low power consumption and low leakage. It helps extend battery life. It is suitable for portable medical devices, wearable products, and handheld instruments. 5. Sample-and-Hold SystemsThe switch has excellent on-state performance with low on-resistance and low distortion. It ensures stable signal selection during sampling. It improves the accuracy and linearity of sample-and-hold circuits. 6. Communication SystemsIn wireless systems, baseband signal routing, and modem circuits, ADG409BRZ provides flexible switching for differential signals. It supports bidirectional signal flow and maintains high isolation. It is suitable for high-speed interface switching applications.ADG409BRZ Outline Dimensions(Contact us for a quote) ADG409BRZ Outline DimensionsThis section provides detailed outline dimensions of the ADG409BRZ device. The figure below shows the precise physical dimensions of its 16-lead narrow-body surface-mount package (such as 16-SOIC). All key measurements are marked in both millimeters (mm) and inches (inch).(Contact us for a quote) ANDE Electronics: Your Trusted Partner in Electronic Component SourcingAt ANDE Electronics, we make getting the electronic components you need simple and fast. We work directly with top global manufacturers to provide high-quality components that have passed our strict checks, so you can count on them for your projects.We also focus on quick and consistent delivery to keep your work on schedule and avoid delays. When you need reliable and efficient electronic parts for your projects, ANDE Electronics is a partner you can trust.
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25/11/28
NL6448AC33-29 Industrial TFT LCD for Control Systems & PCs
The NL6448AC33-29 is a 10.4-inch TFT active matrix LCD for reliable and high-quality visual performance. It uses amorphous silicon TFT technology with a built-in driving circuit and an integrated backlight system. With 640 × 480 resolution (VGA) and the ability to display 262,144 colors, the NL6448AC33-29 delivers clear images and accurate color reproduction. The backlight uses long-life lamps that can be replaced when needed, helping to reduce downtime in industrial environments and extend product lifetime.This display offers high luminance and extra-wide viewing angles, it's suitable for different installation positions and environments. It also supports selectable viewing direction by changing the scan direction. In this article, Ande Electronics provides detailed insights into NL6448AC33-29 features, specifications, applications and industrial usage guidance to help engineers make better component selection decisions. NL6448AC33-29 Key SpecsTo help engineers quickly understand the core performance of the product, this section summarizes the key technical specifications of the NL6448AC33-29. It includes essential parameters such as display size, resolution, brightness, color capability, and operating temperature range. These details make it easier to compare options and select the right solution for industrial applications.Parameter ValueBrandNLTModelNL6448AC33-29Size10.4"CompositionLCMResolution640(RGB)×480, VGA 76PPILuminance250 cd/m² (Typ.)Contrast Ratio150:1 (Typ.) (TM)Viewangle80/80/80/80Color Depth262K 45% NTSCLight SourceCCFL [2 pcs] , With InverterInterface TypeCMOS (1 ch, 6-bit) , 31 pins ConnectorPixel FormatRGB Vertical StripeActive Area215.4(W)×161.8(H) mmFrame Rate60HzTouchscreenWithoutVoltage Supply3.3/5.0V (Typ.)(VCC)Weight525g (Typ.)Outline Size243(W)×185.1(H)×11.2(D) mmMax RatingsOperating Temperature: 0 ~ 50 °C ; Storage Temperature: -20 ~ 60 °C (Contact us for a quote)NL6448AC33-29 Structure and FunctionsThe NL6448AC33-29 display module consists of three main parts: a TFT LCD panel structure, driver LSIs, and a backlight unit. The panel is made by placing liquid crystal material between a TFT array substrate and a color filter substrate. This layered design allows precise control of light and color output. Once the driver LSIs are connected to the panel, the backlight is integrated to complete the module.The module receives RGB data from the source system. The onboard signal processor converts these signals into a format suitable for active-matrix addressing. The driver LSIs then send the processed data to the individual TFT cells. Each pixel on the screen is controlled directly by these thin-film transistors to ensure accurate and stable imaging.Each TFT cell works as an electro-optical switch. When triggered, it adjusts the amount of light passing from the backlight through the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixels. By controlling light transmission for each pixel, the NL6448AC33-29 produces clear and vibrant color images.(Contact us for a quote) NL6448AC33-29 FeaturesTo better understand the NL6448AC33-29, this section introduces its key features. You will see why this industrial TFT display can support long-term and stable performance in many devices.• Ultra wide viewing angle with lateral electric field• High luminance (250 cd/m2, typ.)• Low reflection• 6-bit digital RGB interface• Data enable (DE) function• Incorporated edge type backlight with lamps (Two lamps, with inverter)• Lamp holder replaceable (Type No.: 104LHS31)• Reversible scan direction• Variable luminance control• Easy to assemble a touch panel• No antiglare treatment(Contact us for a quote) NL6448AC33-29 AdvantagesNL6448AC33-29 not only offers excellent display performance but also provides many strong advantages. This section will explain its benefits from different aspects. It helps engineers better understand its value in industrial equipment applications. Integrated Backlight SystemBuilt-in CCFL backlight with replaceable lamps. Extends service life and reduces long-term maintenance costs. Built-in InverterThe module includes an inverter. No extra driver circuit is needed, helping reduce device size and assembly complexity. 180° Screen RotationSupports scan direction switching. Can adjust display orientation according to device installation, improving application flexibility. Industrial Temperature RangeOperating temperature: 0~50°C, storage temperature: -20~60°C. Suitable for most industrial equipment. Good Vibration ResistanceCan withstand up to 2.0G vibration. Suitable for industrial environments with mechanical vibration, enhancing device reliability.(Contact us for a quote) NL6448AC33-29 Use CasesIn this section, we will introduce its typical use cases in various industrial scenarios. As an industrial-grade TFT display, the NL6448AC33-29 is suitable for control system display terminals, process controller monitors, and industrial PCs, providing clear visual output and enhancing operational efficiency and system reliability. Display Terminals for Control SystemsThe NL6448AC33-29 is suitable for various control system displays. For example, in a factory automation control room, it can serve as the main screen on a control console. It shows real-time production line status, equipment parameters, and alarm messages. Its high brightness and wide viewing angle ensure operators can clearly read data from different positions, improving monitoring efficiency and accuracy. Monitors for Process ControllersIn process control applications, the NL6448AC33-29 can be used as a monitor for process controllers. For example, in a chemical plant’s temperature and pressure control system, it can display sensor data in real time and help operators make precise adjustments. Its vibration resistance and industrial operating temperature range ensure stable performance in high-temperature or mechanically active environments. Industrial PCsThe NL6448AC33-29 can also be used in industrial PC display modules. For example, in a logistics warehouse system, it can show warehouse management software screens or barcode scanning data. Its built-in backlight and adjustable display direction make it adaptable to different cabinet layouts while ensuring clear data visualization and comfortable operation.(Contact us for a quote) NL6448AC33-29 Industrial Usage Guide1. Provide a stable DC power supply and avoid voltage fluctuations.2. Ensure interface compatibility to prevent signal issues.3. Built-in inverter, no extra driver circuit needed.4. Avoid pressing or squeezing the screen edges.5. Supports 180° screen rotation, adjustable according to installation.6. Use vibration damping during mounting to prevent damage.7. Operating temperature: 0~50°C; storage temperature: -20~60°C.8. Avoid high humidity, dust, or corrosive environments.9. Keep away from strong magnetic fields and high-power interference.10. CCFL backlight lamps are replaceable to extend lifespan.11. Turn off power and follow safety procedures when replacing.12. Avoid displaying static images for long periods.13. Clean the screen regularly.14. Check power, signals, and environment if abnormalities occur.(Contact us for a quote) ANDE Electronics: Reliable LCD Display SolutionsIn summary, the NL6448AC33-29 LCD screen, with its 10.4-inch diagonal, 640×480 resolution, built-in CCFL backlight, wide viewing angle, and stable industrial performance, is ideal for applications such as control system display terminals, process controller monitors, and industrial PCs.As a professional electronic components supplier, Ande Electronics is dedicated to providing high-quality LCD modules, reliable technical support, and flexible purchasing services. Whether for upgrading existing industrial equipment or developing new projects, the NL6448AC33-29 serves as a dependable core display component, helping engineers and manufacturers achieve efficient and stable visual solutions in industrial environments.
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25/11/25
MM1001 for UAVs: Architecture Insights and Key Benefits
With the rapid development of UAV technology, system architecture is evolving toward higher bandwidth, lower power consumption, and greater integration. As a crucial part of UAV components, the RF communication link not only affects flight stability but also directly determines communication range and data transmission quality. Therefore, choosing reliable and compact RF components is an important step in enhancing the overall capability of UAVs.The MM1001 is a high-performance RF solution designed specifically for UAV communication needs. It provides stable RF performance in complex environments while optimizing space utilization within the drone body, supporting lightweight design and extended flight endurance. For UAV platforms operating in high-interference and high-dynamic scenarios, MM1001 brings significant value.As UAV application scenarios continue to expand, the demand for reliable communication links will only grow stronger. MM1001 plays a key role among UAV components, enabling stronger RF performance and architectural potential for the next generation of UAV systems.(Contact us for a quote) What Is MM1001 RF LDMOS FET?The MM1001 is a high-performance 10-watt LDMOS FET, specifically engineered for rugged, wide-band commercial and industrial applications. It is good for demanding RF systems operating at frequencies up to 2 GHz. The device supports Class AB/B and Class C operation, accommodating all standard modulation formats, which provides flexibility for a wide range of RF designs. In addition, the MM1001 plays a critical role in high-performance RF subsystems in the context of UAVs. Key Benefits• High Efficiency and Linear Gain Operations• Integrated ESD Protection• Excellent thermal stability, low HCI drift• Large Positive and Negative Gate/Source Voltage Range for Improved Class C Operation• Pb-free, RoHS-compliantSuitable Applications• 2-30MHz (HF or Short wave communication)• 30-88MHz (Ground communication)• 54-88MHz (TV VHF I)• 88-108MHz (FM)• 118 -140MHz (Avionics)• 136-174MHz (Commercial ground communication)• 160-230MHz (TV VHF III)• 30-512MHz (Jammer, Ground/Air communication)• 470-860MHz (TV UHF)• 100kHz - 1000MHz (ISM, instrumentation)(Contact us for a quote) What Makes MM1001 Ideal for UAV Control?The MM1001 high-power RF transistor is built using advanced LDMOS technology. It offers excellent RF signal amplification. Its high gain can strengthen UAV control signals and reduce signal loss over long distances. It also maintains stable performance at high frequencies, matching the typical RF bands used in drones. This helps prevent signal distortion, delays, or loss of control, ensuring smooth communication between the ground station and the UAV.UAVs often operate in harsh environments for tasks like mapping and inspection. The MM1001 transistor has strong thermal stability. Its package design allows effective heat dissipation. It can operate continuously at high power, reducing the risk of failures caused by high temperatures. This ensures reliable performance even in cold high-altitude conditions or areas with strong electromagnetic interference.From an installation perspective, the MM1001 package is easy to integrate into compact UAV communication modules. It does not add much size or weight, supporting lightweight drone designs. This combination of adaptability and efficiency makes it easier and cheaper to develop and maintain UAV control systems.Overall, the MM1001 provides stable and reliable RF performance for UAVs. It strengthens signal transmission, ensures safe control, and supports continuous operation in challenging conditions. Its features make it a key component for modern and next-generation drone systems.(Contact us for a quote) How Does MM1001 Support UAV Applications?In modern UAV systems, stable communication links and efficient data transfer directly affect flight control and mission performance. As a high-performance RF core component, the MM1001 LDMOS RF transistor ensures reliable signal transmission, efficient data return, and overall system stability. The following sections will explain the key advantages and roles of MM1001 in UAV applications.1. Enhance Control Signal StrengthThe MM1001 RF transistor provides 10-watt high-power output. UAV control commands and flight feedback rely on RF signals. Over long distances, signals can weaken. As a core RF amplifier, MM1001 boosts signal gain and reduces transmission loss. This ensures the ground station can clearly receive flight data. 2. Support Multi-Band CommunicationMM1001 works across a wide frequency range, from high frequency to ultra-high frequency. Different UAV applications require different bands. For example, urban inspection drones may use ultra-high frequencies to avoid building interference. Mapping drones may use high frequencies for faster data transfer. Its wide-band capability allows easy integration into UAV communication modules without extra customization. 3. Handle Complex Flight EnvironmentsMM1001 is a rugged, unmatched LDMOS RF transistor. It has excellent thermal stability and interference resistance. UAVs operating in high temperatures, high altitudes, or strong electromagnetic environments can rely on MM1001 to maintain stable performance. Signals remain clear and the communication system works reliably. 4. Enable Efficient Flight Data TransmissionUAVs performing mapping or inspection need to send real-time HD images, 3D terrain, or large data files. MM1001’s high power allows efficient RF data transfer. This prevents signal lag, image blur, or data loss during transmission. 5. Extend UAV Flight TimeLDMOS technology provides high energy efficiency. MM1001 outputs high power while keeping its own energy use low. Low power consumption frees more battery for flight motors and core systems. This helps extend UAV mission time, supporting long inspections, logistics, and other high-endurance applications. 6. Simplify Communication Module DesignMM1001 is a standardized high-power RF transistor. It works without complex external matching circuits. Its compact package fits easily into UAV communication modules. This reduces space use in the UAV body and leaves room for batteries, sensors, and other components.(Contact us for a quote) Ande Electronics: Offering RF Solutions for UAVsAs a core RF component for UAVs, the MM1001 LDMOS transistor offers outstanding advantages. It ensures reliable signal transmission, efficient data return, and overall system stability. Whether in urban inspection, high-altitude mapping, or logistics, MM1001 supports UAVs in performing tasks with high precision and efficiency.Ande Electronics is dedicated to providing complete electronic component solutions for all types of UAVs. The company offers key chip support and a wide range of RF components. These meet the needs of flight control, navigation, image processing, and multi-sensor data fusion. With a stable supply chain and professional technical service, Ande Electronics delivers high-quality UAV RF components. This helps drone manufacturers speed up product updates and technology deployment, enabling smart upgrades in mapping, inspection, logistics, and security applications.
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25/11/25
MAX202EESE Transceiver: Features, Pinout & Applications
MAX202EESE OverviewThe MAX202EESE is part of the MAX202E–MAX213E family of RS-232/V.28 transceivers. It provides up to ±15kV ESD (Human Body Model) protection and has a built-in charge pump. It works with a single +5V power supply. The drivers and receivers meet EIA/TIA-232E and CCITT V.28 standards. It supports data rates up to 120kbps, making it suitable for industrial and communication interfaces.The MAX202EESE comes in a 16-pin package, which fits different PCB layouts and space requirements. Its built-in charge pump does not need external capacitors and can generate the required RS-232 voltage levels, simplifying the circuit design.With high ESD protection, standard compliance, and single-supply operation, the MAX202EESE is ideal for embedded systems, communication devices, and industrial control applications. It helps developers achieve reliable serial data transfer and interface protection. MAX202EESE Key SpecificationsParameterValuePart NumberMAX202EESE+DescriptionIC TXRX RS232 5V ESD-PROT 16SOICLead Free Status / RoHS StatusLead free / RoHS CompliantTypeTransceiverDetailed Description2/2 Transceiver Full RS232 16-SOMounting TypeSurface MountMoisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)1 (Unlimited)ProtocolRS232Manufacturer Standard Lead Time6 WeeksDuplexFullOperating Temperature-40°C ~ 85°CSupplier Device Package16-SOData Rate120KbpsNumber of Drivers/Receivers2/2Base Part NumberMAX202Receiver Hysteresis500mVVoltage - Supply4.5 V ~ 5.5 VPackage / Case16-SOIC (0.154, 3.90mm Width)(Contact us for a quote) MAX202EESE PinoutC1+, C1-, C2+, C2- (Pins 1, 3, 4, 5)These pins connect to external capacitors. They are used by the internal charge pump to generate positive and negative voltages needed for RS-232 signal levels. V+, V- (Pins 2, 6)Outputs of the charge pump’s positive and negative voltages. These pins usually connect to capacitors and work together with C1 and C2. T2OUT, T1OUT (Pins 7, 14)RS-232 driver outputs. They convert TTL/CMOS logic levels to RS-232 signal levels. R2IN, R1IN (Pins 8, 13)RS-232 receiver inputs. They receive RS-232 signals and convert them to TTL/CMOS logic levels. T1IN, T2IN (Pins 11, 10)TTL/CMOS logic inputs. They provide signals to the driver for conversion into RS-232 levels. R1OUT, R2OUT (Pins 12, 9)Receiver outputs. They output TTL/CMOS logic signals converted from RS-232 inputs. VCC (Pin 16) / GND (Pin 15)Power supply pins. Typically, VCC is +5V.(Contact us for a quote) MAX202EESE Benefits and FeaturesSaves Board Space• Integrated High ±15kV HBM ESD Protection• Integrated Charge Pump Circuitry- Eliminates the Need for a Bipolar ±12V Supply- Enables Single Supply Operation From +5V Supply• Integrated 0.1μF Capacitors • 16 pin SOP Package• Single +5V Operation• Dual RS-232 Channels• TTL/CMOS Compatible Saves Power for Reduced Power Requirements• 1μA Shutdown Mode• 15μA Shutdown Mode for MAX213E(Contact us for a quote) MAX202EESE Typical Operating CircuitThe typical operating circuit of the MAX202EESE shows a single +5V power supply connected to VCC (pin 16) and GND (pin 15). Four external capacitors (0.1 µF each) are connected to pins C1+, C1-, C2+, and C2- to support the internal charge pump. The charge pump generates positive and negative voltages (V+ and V-, pins 2 and 6), which are necessary to drive RS-232 output levels from the TTL/CMOS input signals. Additional decoupling capacitors are added to stabilize the internal voltage conversion.The TTL/CMOS logic inputs (T1IN, T2IN) feed the internal drivers, which convert these signals to RS-232 voltage levels and output them on T1OUT and T2OUT (pins 14 and 7). Conversely, RS-232 inputs (R1IN, R2IN) are fed into the internal receivers, which convert the signals back to TTL/CMOS levels and output them on R1OUT and R2OUT (pins 12 and 9). The diagram also shows small 5 kΩ resistors between the receiver outputs and ground, which help stabilize the output signals.(Contact us for a quote) MAX202EESE Application Fields1. Embedded SystemsThe MAX202EESE is often used in embedded systems for serial communication. It enables reliable data transfer between microcontrollers and external devices.The chip also offers ±15kV ESD protection (HBM). This protects system interfaces and ensures long-term reliability in industrial or lab environments. 2. Communication DevicesIn communication devices, the MAX202EESE handles serial port data transmission and reception. It is used in modems, routers, and serial terminals. Its high drive capability keeps RS-232 signals stable over long distances.The built-in charge pump removes the need for dual power supplies. This simplifies design and reduces system cost. 3. Industrial ControlThe MAX202EESE is used in industrial control for PLCs, sensors, and instruments. Its strong noise immunity and ESD protection prevent signal errors from mechanical or electrical interference.It supports full-duplex RS-232 communication, enabling real-time data exchange between multiple devices. This meets strict reliability and stability requirements in industrial environments. 4. Battery-Powered EquipmentLow power consumption makes the MAX202EESE ideal for battery-powered devices. Examples include portable meters, handheld terminals, and mobile data collectors. Its single +5V supply and internal charge pump reduce extra power needs, helping to extend battery life.Its small package fits well in space-limited devices, keeping them light while maintaining high communication performance. 5. Portable Diagnostics EquipmentThe MAX202EESE is used in portable diagnostic devices for medical or testing instruments. Its ESD protection and high reliability keep devices stable in frequent plug-and-play or mobile use.It allows portable devices to remain light and compact without compromising communication performance, meeting the needs for fast on-site diagnostics and data transfer.(Contact us for a quote) FAQsWhat is the MAX202EESE?The MAX202EESE is an RS-232 transceiver. It converts TTL/CMOS logic levels to RS-232 signals and vice versa. It is part of the MAX202E–MAX213E family.Does it need external capacitors?Yes, four external capacitors are needed for the internal charge pump to operate properly. Typical values are 0.1–1 µF.What is its ESD protection?The MAX202EESE offers ±15kV Human Body Model (HBM) ESD protection on all pins, making it robust against static discharge.What is the package type?It is available in an SOIC-16 package (MAX202EESE) suitable for surface-mount PCB designs. ANDE Electronics: Your Trusted Partner in Electronic Component SourcingAt ANDE Electronics, we make getting the electronic components you need simple and fast. We work directly with top global manufacturers to provide high-quality components that have passed our strict checks, so you can count on them for your projects.We also focus on quick and consistent delivery to keep your work on schedule and avoid delays. When you need reliable and efficient electronic parts for your projects, ANDE Electronics is a partner you can trust.
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25/11/20
How Many Types of Sensors Are Used in Drones?
In modern drone systems, sensors are key components that enable autonomous flight, stable control, and intelligent perception. As drones continue to expand rapidly into areas such as consumer aerial photography, industrial inspection, agricultural operations, and security monitoring, the types and quantities of sensors are also increasing.Different types of UAV sensors perform different roles, and each sensor carries out a critical task. They are mainly used for navigation, environmental sensing, and data collection. So how many types of sensors are used in drones? Below are the common sensor types found in UAVs and their functions.(Contact us for a quote) Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)The Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) in a drone is one of the key parts of the flight control system. It is used to monitor the drone’s attitude, direction, and motion in real time. An IMU usually includes an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer. By measuring linear acceleration, angular velocity, and heading, it helps the drone understand its movement in three-dimensional space.In real use, the IMU works together with GPS to keep the drone on course and ensure stable flight. GPS provides global position data, while the IMU can still give attitude and motion information when the GPS signal is weak or lost for a short time. The magnetometer in the IMU works like a small, high-precision compass and can detect direction changes through multi-axis measurement. BarometerA barometer is a commonly used environmental sensing sensor that mainly measures atmospheric pressure. By monitoring pressure changes in real time, the flight control system can accurately calculate the drone’s relative altitude and vertical speed.Modern drone barometers mostly use MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology. These barometers are small in size, respond quickly, and consume low power, making them suitable for lightweight and compact drone platforms. Some high-end barometers also feature temperature compensation, ensuring measurement accuracy under different weather conditions. AccelerometerAccelerometers are used to determine a drone’s flight position and attitude. MEMS accelerometers sense motion in two ways: one method uses microstructures to detect displacement, where the displacement changes the current flow to indicate position relative to gravity; the other is based on thermal sensing, with no moving parts, working by monitoring changes in the movement of gas molecules over a microchip.Due to their high sensitivity, these sensors are critical for stabilizing onboard cameras, making video footage smoother. Thermal MEMS sensors are especially vibration-resistant and can effectively reduce strong vibrations caused by rotating propellers and motors, enhancing drone performance during filming. Vision Sensor Drone vision sensors primarily use cameras or optical sensors to capture images and video of the surrounding environment, providing real-time visual information to the flight control system. By processing this image data, the flight control system can identify obstacles, measure distances, plan flight paths, and assist the drone in precise hovering and pinpoint landing operations.Modern drone vision sensors often integrate deep learning and computer vision technologies, enabling drones to perform object recognition, tracking, and obstacle avoidance. Current SensorIn drones, power consumption and electricity usage are critical. A current sensor can be used to monitor and optimize power usage, ensure safe charging of the internal battery, and detect faults in motors or other system areas.The current sensor works by measuring bidirectional current and ideally provides electrical isolation to reduce power loss and prevent the user or system from electric shock or damage. LiDARLiDAR is an active ranging sensor that measures the distance between the drone and a target by emitting laser pulses and receiving the reflected signals.LiDAR can quickly capture detailed structural information of terrain, buildings, and vegetation, providing critical data support for drones in tasks such as mapping, surveying, environmental modeling, and obstacle detection. Compared to traditional vision sensors, LiDAR maintains high-precision distance measurements even in low-light or complex lighting conditions. Infrared (IR) SensorInfrared (IR) sensors are commonly used environmental sensing devices in drones. These sensors can operate without an external light source, making them especially suitable for night-time or low-light flight missions. IR sensors are typically used for obstacle detection, collision avoidance, heat source tracking, and search and rescue operations.Modern drone IR sensors mostly use uncooled microbolometer technology, which allows easy integration into various drone platforms. Nine-axis Sensor In drones, a nine-axis sensor is the core of the IMU and can capture the drone’s motion and orientation in all directions. The three components detect linear acceleration, angular velocity, and the Earth's magnetic field, working together to provide complete motion data.Its main advantage is using data fusion algorithms, such as Kalman filtering, to compensate for the limitations of individual sensors. This allows it to output attitude angles, heading angles, and other data with an accuracy of up to 0.2°. Humidity/Temperature SensorHumidity and temperature sensors in drones are typically designed to be compact and low-power, adapting to the limited payload and power supply of UAVs. Their core function is to collect real-time temperature and humidity data from the flight environment, providing essential support for flight decisions and operational analysis.Common types of temperature sensors include thermocouples and platinum resistance sensors (PT100), while humidity sensors are mainly capacitive or resistive. Some high-end sensors also integrate dew point measurement capabilities, enabling precise monitoring in complex environments. Magnetic SensorIn drones, electronic compasses supply essential directional data to inertial navigation and guidance systems. Sensors based on anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) permalloy technology offer high accuracy and fast response times while consuming much less power than other alternatives, making them ideal for UAV applications. Ready-to-use solutions deliver reliable sensing performance in a compact and robust package, meeting the demanding requirements of drone manufacturers.(Contact us for a quote) Ande Electronics: Comprehensive Sensor Solutions for DronesAnde Electronics is dedicated to providing comprehensive electronic component solutions for all types of drones. We not only offers essential chip support but also covers a wide range of sensor applications, meeting the needs of drones in flight control, navigation, image processing, and multi-sensor data fusion.With a stable supply chain and professional technical services, Ande Electronics delivers high-quality chips and sensor products while providing full-process support in component selection, system design, and performance optimization. Through flexible inventory management and rapid delivery mechanisms, Ande helps drone manufacturers accelerate product iteration and technology implementation, driving the intelligent upgrading of drones in mapping, inspection, logistics, and security applications.(Contact us for a quote)
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